Arvo Pärt

1960-present

Tintinnabuli Emergence

1976-1985

The invention and refinement of Pärt's tintinnabuli technique — two interlocking voices, one moving stepwise through a melody, the other arpeggiated around a triad — born from a period of creative silence and the study of Gregorian chant and early polyphony.

Late Sacred Minimalism

1990-2010

Extreme reduction and devotional stillness, where the tintinnabuli method is distilled to its barest essence — single notes surrounded by vast silence, approaching the threshold of audibility.